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LearnModule 9 · Lesson 18 of 30Independent User · CEFR B2, completedUnit 4 · Los relativos complejos

El cual, la cual — the formal relative

Module 9 of the free Spanish course (CEFR B2, completed), lesson 18 of 30: El cual is the formal twin of el que. On this page: 9 words with their genders and respellings, the rule, a watch-out line, the conjugation table and the audio — the study notes behind the workbook's QR.

The words

SpanishEnglishSay it
el proyecto en el cual piensothe project I am thinking ofehl proh-YEHK-toh ehn ehl KWAHL PYEHN-soh
los cualeswhich (plural, formal)lohs KWAH-lehs
del cualof whichdehl KWAHL
la contracciónthe contractionlah kohn-trahk-SYOHN
el proyectothe plan (project)ehl proh-YEHK-toh
pensar ento think aboutpehn-SAR ehn
el problemathe problemehl proh-BLEH-mah
recargadoheavy (style)rreh-kar-GAH-doh
yo debía estudiar másI had to study moreyoh deh-BEE-ah ehs-too-DYAR mahs

Respellings follow the course’s say-it key; the stressed syllable is in capitals. Print this lesson’s flashcards (PDF) — the words on the front, the English and respelling on the back.

La regla · The rule

El cual is the formal twin of el que, and it agrees the same way: el proyecto en el cual pienso, la empresa para la cual trabajo, los motivos por los cuales me fui. It is heavier, and it shines after a long preposition: a pesar del cual, gracias a la cual.

Y también · And also

De plus el cual gives del cual: el problema del cual hablamos — though most speakers say del que, and so should you unless the sentence needs the weight. Debía is deber in the imperfecto: what I was supposed to do.

Ojo · Watch out

el cual agrees like el que: la cual, los cuales, las cuales. de + el cual gives del cual. Most speakers say del que rather than del cual, and so should you unless the sentence is formal.

deber, imperfecto — the table

yo debía · tú debías · él/ella/usted debía · nosotros debíamos · ustedes debían · ellos/ellas debían

Do it now — on paper

  1. Say all 9 words aloud twice from the respelling, then once from the Spanish spelling alone — begin with el proyecto en el cual pienso.
  2. Copy every word with its accents on paper; then cover the English column and write each meaning back from the Spanish.
  3. Write out deber, imperfecto in full from memory, every person, and check each form against the table above.

This free course is the reading half. The writing half — write-in lessons, daily practice pages with built-in review, self-checks and a full answer key — is the companion workbook series, The Spanish Ladder: one workbook per module, fifteen in all, released band by band with the Basic band (Modules 1–5) first.

Keep these words

Turn this lesson’s words into flashcards, then space your reviews — the two habits the research behind our study guides backs hardest.

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