📖LearnModule 10 · Lesson 11 of 30Independent User · CEFR B1 + B2 mastery, and the C1 bridgeUnit 3 · El subjuntivo, el mapa completo
Las cuatro familias
Module 10 of the free Spanish course (CEFR B1 + B2 mastery, and the C1 bridge), lesson 11 of 30: The whole subjunctive fits on one card. On this page: 10 words with their genders and respellings, the rule, a watch-out line, the conjugation table and the audio — the study notes behind the workbook's QR.
The words
Spanish
English
Say it
la necesidad
the need
lah neh-seh-see-DAHD
las familias del subjuntivo
the families of the subjunctive
lahs fah-MEE-lyahs dehl soob-hoon-TEE-boh
el mapa mental
the mind map
ehl MAH-pah mehn-TAHL
adivinar
to guess
ah-dee-bee-NAR
el abuso
the overuse
ehl ah-BOO-soh
el dominio
the command of something
ehl doh-MEE-nyoh
sistemático
systematic (m)
sees-teh-MAH-tee-koh
por familias
family by family
pohr fah-MEE-lyahs
la tarea
the homework
lah tah-REH-ah
quiero que hagas la tarea
I want you to do the homework
KYEH-roh keh AH-gahs lah tah-REH-ah
Respellings follow the course’s say-it key; the stressed syllable is in capitals. Print this lesson’s flashcards (PDF) — the words on the front, the English and respelling on the back.
La regla · The rule
The whole subjunctive fits on one card. WILL: quiero que, es necesario que, es importante que. WISH: ojalá, espero que. EMOTION: me alegro de que, es una lástima que, siento que. DOUBT: dudo que, es posible que, no creo que.
Y también · And also
Everything else is indicative. If a trigger is not in one of those four families and not on the conjunction list, do not reach for the subjunctive — most over-use comes from guessing. Quiero que hagas la tarea: hacer, whose subjunctive haga comes from hago.
Ojo · Watch out
Four families take the subjunctive, plus the unknown antecedent and the conjunction list. Most over-use comes from guessing: if a trigger is not in a family or on the list, use the indicative.
hacer, presente de subjuntivo — the table
yo haga · tú hagas · él/ella/usted haga · nosotros hagamos · ustedes hagan · ellos/ellas hagan
Do it now — on paper
Say all 10 words aloud twice from the respelling, then once from the Spanish spelling alone — begin with la necesidad.
Copy every word with its accents on paper; then cover the English column and write each meaning back from the Spanish.
Write out hacer, presente de subjuntivo in full from memory, every person, and check each form against the table above.
This free course is the reading half. The writing half — write-in lessons, daily practice pages with built-in review, self-checks and a full answer key — is the companion workbook series, The Spanish Ladder: one workbook per module, fifteen in all, released band by band with the Basic band (Modules 1–5) first.
Keep these words
Turn this lesson’s words into flashcards, then space your reviews — the two habits the research behind our study guides backs hardest.